Background. The purpose of this study was to correlate intraoperative anesthetic complications of trauma patients with their\nrespective urine toxicology results. Methods. This retrospective, single-center cohort study at a Level 1 trauma center included\npatients with the following criteria: (1) trauma admission between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2016, (2) required surgical\nintervention, (3) are age 18 and older, and (4) urine toxicology screening was completed. Anesthetic records were evaluated for\nintraoperative complications. Results. The final analysis included 847 patients. The mean anesthesia time, American Society of\nAnesthesiologists physical status classification scores, change in body temperature, anesthetic complication rate, and mortality\nwere not significantly different between urine toxicology positive and negative patients. Of note, a significantly lower proportion\nof the urine toxicology positive patients were extubated postoperatively in comparison to urine toxicology negative patients\n(57.32% vs 63.83%). Conclusions. Trauma patients who presented with a positive urine toxicology screening are not at an increased\nrisk for intraoperative anesthetic complications compared to those with a negative urine toxicology screening. However, our\nresults indicated that the need for postoperative mechanical ventilation increased in the acutely intoxicated trauma patients when\ncompared to those without preinjury intoxication.
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